Structural form for concrete work



TO I W M 11, 1930. J. H. SULLIVAN 1,747,036

STRUCTURAL FORM FOR CONCRETE WORK Filed Nov. 14. 1927 3 Sheets-Sheet l ATTORNEY Drafismifl IS. PLASUC BLOCK & EARTH ENWARE APPARATUS Felt- 11, I930. J. H. SULLIVAN 1,747,035

' STRUCTURAL FORM FOR CONCRETE WORK I Filed Nov. 14. 1927 a Sheets-Sheet 2 a O O o l a d i 2 o @F -Ef 1 0 o o o I;

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ATTORNEY Urattsma 2 PLASTkC BLOCK & EARTH ENWARE APPARATUV Feb. 11, 1930; v J. H. SULLIVAN 1,747,035 STRUCTURAL FORM FOR CQNCRETB WORK Filed Nov. 14. 192 a Sheets-Sheet- 3 0 O O o o 0 e o D v J a A wm llllllllllllll 0 u D q If.

q o o It 5 I a o 9 9 El 3' I" d a 'w. 4 5 an? a o I 'I o H I n i 0 mvEy-ro W ATTORNEY 25. PLASTFC BLOCK 5. EARTHENWARE .APPWATUS Patented Feb. 11, 1930 UNITED STATES Draftsman PATENT OFFICE JOHN H. SULLIVAN, OF GLENDALE, CALIFORNIA STRUCTURAL FORM FOR CONCRETE WORK Application filed November 14, 1927. Serial No. 233,225.

This invention relates to the building art, and is more particularly concerned with forms or framing used in the construction of concrete walls, stairs, columns and the like, which forms serve as molds within which the concrete or other plastic material is poured and held until set.

Because of the diversity of shapes of structural units, it is highly desirable to provide a basic form retaining unit of general use, which is applicable or adaptable to most or all standard structural units, such, as walls, columns, stairs, etc., and an object of the present invention is the provision of a metal form framing and retaining unit and structure of general application and use.

A further object of the invention is the provision of a framing unit which is particularly advantageous for use in conjunction with the mold boards or panels defining walls, and which, when articulated, forms a self-supporting structure, framing and holding the mold boards and panels and adequately bracing and positioning them.

In the concrete walls extending upwardly for several stories or floors, it has been necessary, as previously practised, to erect special scaffolding after the walls have been set and the mold forms removed, for the purpose of finishing the face of the wall, as by expanded metal base and stucco coat.

A further feature of the invention consists in the provision of a mold framing unit pro viding wall standards and braces as part of the framing unit which may remain after the walls are set and the rest of the articulated mold framing removed and which serve as a scaffold frame for the subsequent finishing of the wall face.

These and other objects and advantages, and constructions, combinations and arrangements constituting the invention appear in the following detailed specification and are defined in the accompanying claims.

Structural embodiments and arrangements illustrating the invention appear in the accompanying drawings forming part hereof, and in which Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view through a wall and stair-way of a concrete building under construction illustrating the application of the invention as framing for the mold sections of structural units thereof.

Figure 2 is a vertical sectional view through a wall mold adjacent a corner.

Figure 3 is an end elevation of the corner mold of Figure 2, illustrating the manner of bracing the mold framing to the perpendicular at the ground level.

Figure A} is a horizontal section of a corner mold framing such as shown in Figure 2.

Figure 5 is a detail in elevation of the lateral angle bar braces of the adjacent mold sections and their connection to the standards at the section junctions.

Figure 6 is a horizontal section on the line 6-6 of Figure 5.

Figure 7 is a detail of one of the plates connecting the lateral angles and standards at the junction of adjacent wall mold sections.

Figure 8 is a perspective detail of a portion of a wall mold illustrating the use therein of the basic framing units of the present invention.

Figure 9 is a detail in vertical section of the interlocking engagement of the lateral angle braces and the ends of the mold traversing tie and spreader bars.

Figure 10 is a perspective detail of an end of a tie and spreader bar showing its mold spreading notch and mold tying end abutment or head.

Figure 11 is a perspective detail of a connecting plate used with abutting lateral angle braces, either alined or at corner angles.

Figure 12 is a view in elevation of a column mold illustrating the application of my metal framing unit thereto.

Figure 13 is a horizontal sectional view thereof on the line 13-13 of Figure 12.

Figure 14 is a fragmentary vertical section through the wall of a building illustrating the use of the wall mold framing standards and braces as a scaflold framing after the walls have been formed and the rest of the framing and mold removed.

The basic form of framing unit used as a foundation for the different types of forming mold structures is an angle bar having notched edges to receive tie bars. The elementary form of the invention, best seen in Figure 8, is utilized in a wall mold and is further developed for use with a wall corner mold in Figures 2, 3 and 4. The angle bar, in the elementary form, is used as a lateral brace bar 1 arranged in pairs at the opposite outer sides of boards or panels 2 comprising the sides of a mold frame, in the specific showing, a wall mold. The angle bars are provided with a plurality of spaced notches 3 in one edge, and with a plurality of spaced bolt holes 4 in the other plate of the angle bar. lVhen these angle bars are used in a wall mold, as shown in Figure 8, the plates or the angles having the notched edges rest against the faces of the wall mold boards or panels 2. They are interconnected by combined tie bars and spacers 5 which traverse the mold forms (and are imbedded in the material forming the wall or other structural unit), these tie bars being of appropriate lengths commensurate with the thickness of the structural unit or wall to be formed, and having their ends doubled back to provide shoulders or abutments 6 and notched as at 7 adjacent to said abutments, the notches providing shoulders embracing the sides of the notched plate of the angle bar at the bottom of the slots 3 therein, as shown in Figure 9, the notches thereby acting as spreaders to space the lateral angle bars 1 and the attached mold form board 2 apart the requisite distance for the formation of a wall or other unit of the desired thickness. The end shoulders 6 of the tie bar engage the outer faces of the notched edges of the angle bars and tie these bars together and provide projecting heads which may be out or broken off in disassembly of the mold framing, or may remain, as may be desired.

In a wall mold, a vertically extending series of lateral angle bars is employed, the angles being provided in standard lengths. A plurality of these bars will extend along the face of the wall mold with their ends spaced in lateral alinem'ent. These ends, of what may be termed the mold sections or mold frame sections, are joined by uprights or standards 11 which conveniently may be formed by pairs of joined angle bars similar to the laterals bolted together and having their notched edges engaging the face of the mold. The ends of the lateral angle bars 1 will abut the notched edges of the T bars formed by the joined angle bars and in the articulation of the mold framing will be rigidly and detachably connected to the uprights by means of angled connecting plates 8 (Figure 7) overlying the adjacent abutting lateral angles and rigidly bolted to the laterals and to the uprights. Preferably, as shown, the horizontal portion 9 of this connector plate is provided with an elongated slot 10 therein through which connection may be made to the laterals and an opening in its upright portion to receive a bolt passing therethrough at alined bolt holes in the angles of the T bar and through the alined bolt hole of the opposite connector plate, the same bolt rigidly connecting the connector plates 9 at opposite sides to the upright as clearly seen in Figures 5, 6 and 8 of the drawings. These uprights 11, forming the T bars in the construction of a wall of several stories or floors in height, will extend in vertical series and will be arranged in pairs at opposite sides of the mold form and rigidly interconnected by tie bars 22, similar to the tie bars 5 which will seat in the notches 12 in their edges similarly to the tie bars interconnecting the laterals 1. They are adjusted to the desired perpendicular or other angular relation to a base and braced in this relation by the angular bracing means best seen in Figures 3 and 1 1. This bracing means, as shown applied to the ground structural unit in Figure 3, comprises a horizontal outstanding angle bar 13 structurally similar to the laterals and uprights heretofore described, and rigidly connected at its end to and outstanding from the upright 11. It should have been stated that the angle bars whether used as lateral braces, uprights, or in the diagonal bracing means about to be described, preferably have elongated slots adjacent to their ends to facilitate the interconnection of abutting angle irons. In the horizontally outstanding bottom brace bar 13, as shown, the upright and brace are interconnected by means of a bolt 14 extending through alined portion in the end slots of the upright 11 and bottom brace 13. lVhere the bottom brace is at th ground level, its end may be additionally anchored to the ground by any suitable means. As shown, a spike 15 is driven in the ground and a bolt 16 formed with a hook 17 is threaded through the bottom brace bar 13 and hooked around the ground spike. It also extends through and rigidly connects to the bottom brace, the lower end of a diagonal brace bar 18 which extends upwardly and inwardly toward the upper end of the upright 11 and is rigidly connected to the upright either directly or, as shown, through the medium of a flat connector plate 19 (Figure 11) bolting to the diagonal angle bar 18 and to the upright angle bar 11. The diagonal bar 19 is obviously bolted to the upright 11 with the latter adjusted to the perpendicular or to the desired angle which it is intended the upright should have. The uprights for the mold sec-- tions successively abo e the ground section shown in Figure 3 will be similarly braced by outstanding horizontal bars 20 and connected to upwardly extending diagonal brace bars 21 as shown in Figure 14:. The horizontal bars 20 are similar to the bar 13 of angle bar construction, edge notched and bolt AR H. EHWARE APPARATUS holed as in the case of the lateral and upright bars heretofore described, and form rigid base for the adjustment of the diagonal upright braces 21 which are rigidly bolted thereto as shown in Figure 14. Rigidity in the horizontal base bar 20 is provided not only by the bolted interconnection with the upright 11, but by the abutting of the end of the bar 20 against the flange of the upright 11 so that a rigid construction is provided. It will be obvious that since the pairs of uprights 11 are interconnected and interlocked by means of the tie bars 22, and are braced in alined perpendicularity by the angle bracing members, they will form a series of laterally alined angle frames extending vertically of the face of the wall mold. These series of angular structures may serve advantageously by acting as a scaffolding frame after the wall has been poured and set. By reference to Figures 5, 6 and 14, it will be seen that after the wall has been set, the joined upright angle bars 11 forming the T bar uprights may remain and the balance of the mold form may be dissassembled and used again. To effect this result, it is only necessary to disconnect the lateral angle bars 1 from the uprights 11 through removing the angular connecting plates 8 after which, the laterals may be driven downwardly to free them from the tie bars which are imbedded in the material of the wall and the mold boards or panels 2 are then removed. In practice, it is preferred to notch or kerf the edges of the mold boards or panels to permit the tie bars 5 to extend therethrough, the tie bars being usually inserted at the abutting edges of adjacent mold boards or panels when the latter aline with the notches in the edges of the laterals so that separation of the mold boards or panels from the face of the board and set wall may be readily accomplished. As desired or necessary, the abutment heads 6 of some of the tie bars may be twisted off to facilitate this disassembling operation. The pairs of uprights 11 will then remain as part of the wall with their angular bracing members 2021 forming the framing for a scaffold. Boards may be laid over the base braces 20 and extend horizontally in series across the face of the wall after the mold framing and mold forms with the exception of the uprights 11 and their abutting mold boards have been removed. Such a construction is illustrated in Figure 14 of the drawings from which it will be evident that the uprights and braces of the mold form have the dual function of mold braces and scaffolding at successive stages in the building operation.

In the case of a corner wall mold, such as is shown in Figures 2 and 4 of the drawings, the abutting lateral angle bars 1 at the inside and outside corners of the mold frame as seen in Figure 4, are rigidly interconnected by Bra flat connecting plates 19 having elongated slots 23 and bolt holes 24 therein similarly to the angle connecting plate previously described. Preferably also, these lateral angle bars 1- at the corner junction of the corner mold form have their notched edges cut away to permit angle bars 25 which, for convenience, may be the notched angle bar frame units of the laterals, uprights and diagonal braces to engage the faces of the mold form boards at the opposite outer sides of the corner of the structure forming a rigid brace for the corners extending vertically of the mold form. This brace, obviously, is held in a rigid position by the abutting edges of the lateral angle bars 1 and connecting plates 19, the lateral angle bars in turn being connected by the tie bars 5. It is permissible, and in some cases preferable, to brace the mold boards or panels between the laterals 1 by suitable batten strips 26 seen in Figures 2 and 3. Such an expedient may reduce the number of laterals used in the framing, although naturally the batten strips may be dispensed with and a greater number of laterals 1 used in the framing construction. lVhen the base lateral 1 rests upon the foundation or footing of the structure to be erected, it will be evident that suitable means will be employed for anchoring the foundation or base lateral angle bars to such a footing, shown at 27 in Figures 2, 3 and 8.

In the composite structural view of Figure 1, I have shown the structural framing unit of the present invention adapted to the molding of stairs. The risers and treads of stairs are outlined by mold forms or panels 2829 respectively, and the back or base of the stair mold form provided by suitable diagonal boards or panels 30 faced by batten strips 31 and braced by the mold form boards 2 of the adjacent wall mold, the angle of junction of the riser and tread mold boards 2829 are covered by lateral angle bars 32 having both edges notched, and engaging the base form 30 and batten strips 31 (which are appropriately positioned for this purpose) are the edges of similar alined lateral angle bars 33. Laterally extending tie bars 34: connect and seat in the notched edges of alined lateral angle bars 3233 and vertically extending tie bars 35 traverse the mold form at right angles to the horizontal tie bars and seat in and interlock with the notches in the horizontally disposed edges of the vertically alined lateral bars 32 and 33. By this means, the basic structural framing unit of the present invention may be easily adapted to the formation of concrete stairways.

It is likewise adaptable tothe framing of column molds as will be seen from an inspection of Figures 12 and 13 in which the face of a column form having horizontal mold boards or panels 36 is braced at its vertically ltsmaa extending edges by angle bars 37 having both edges notched, these angle bars being cross connected through the mold form by tie bars interlocking with their notched edges as indicated in Figure 13. lVhere vertically extending mold boards are used, they may be braced vertically of the column by means of transverse angle bars 38 and 39 bolted together and closely engaging the outer faces of the mold boards. These angle bars are notched and are likewise interconnected by tie bars 40 traversing the mold form and in terlocking the angle bars as previously described in connection with other structural units. Batten strips 41 may be employed in conjunction with the angle bars as needed.

From the preceding description, it will be evident that all described applied uses of the invention utilize the elementary structural form of notched angle bars at opposite outer sides of a mold form tied together by tie bars traversing the mold form and interlocking with the notched edges of the angle bars; that these angle bars and their cooperating tie bars, as described herein, may be used in a variety of stock sizes and adapted to practically all conditions of structural mold work; and that the invention, therefore. is not limited in its application to a specific type of mold form.

In the erection of succesive upward extensions of the uprights or standards formed by pairs of angle bars bolted together, the angle bars forming the standards may be lap-jointed and spliced together so that a continuous joined line of standards extends the full height of the molded wall, each section erected for pouring, being braced from the section next below that has previously been poured.

The articulated steel frame for holding the mold form may, obviously, be removed with the mold form after the poured section of mold has set and re-erected to form the next adjacent section for pouring, or, a succession of articulated mold framing sections may be set up and joined initially.

Inthe assembly of a mold form with its metal framing, the mold form boards or panels are secured in turn to the articulated framing at opposite sides of the mold after the latter has been assembled, lined up, plumbed and braced, the mold form boards or panels being drawn to the bracing metal structure by any suitable means.- In practice. small nails, driven through slots in angle bar braces, will draw them close to the braces and hold them in position while the tie bars are dropped into place and forced down into the notches in the edges of the angle bars.

The use of standardized metal framing units reduces the amount of material required for the particular construction work, effects very substantial saving, not only in lumber, over the all-wood mold forms now in use, but also effects a large saving in the labor of form erection. The mold form boards or panels, when treated with oil, may be used, over and over again so that by the use of the materials of the present invention, waste is practically eliminated. A further saving both in labor and material is afforded by the metal bracing elements for the standards of the steel framing, providing as they do, without extra work or interference with construction, a scaffold frame for use in finishing the face of the wall molded by the molding form of which they constitute a art.

hat I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A form holder for concrete construction work comprising alined lateral angle bars with notched edges joined to an angle bar upright similarly notched, said laterals and uprights being positioned in pairs at and against the opposite outer sides of a mold form and being connected by tie bars traversing the mold form and seating in the notches of said lateral and upright angle bars.

2. A form holder for concrete construction work comprising alined lateral angle bars with notched edges spaced by and joined to upright standards with notched edges, said laterals and standards being positioned in alined pairs at and against the opposite outer sides of a mold form, the pairs being inter connected by the bars traversing the mold form and seating in and interlocked with the notched edges of the laterals and standards, and angular braces connected to and outstanding from said standards adjacent to their upper and lower ends for maintaining the mold form at the desired angle to its base line.

3. A form holder for concrete construction work having a vertical series of uprights positioned in alinement at and against opposite outer sides of a mold form and having notched edges, tie bars traversing the mold form and interlocking with the notched edges of said uprights, and angular interconnected bracing attached to and extending outwardly from the vertical series of uprights at points spaced vertically thereof.

4. A form holder for concrete wall construction having a vertical series of pairs of uprights at and against opposite outer sides of a sectional wall mold form provided with notched edges. with tie bars traversing the mold form and interlocking with the notched edges of the uprights of each pair, the vertical series of uprights at the outer side of the mold form having angularly arranged interconnected bracing members extending outwardly therefrom at points spaced vertically of the series.

5. A form holder for concrete Wall conioo PLASHC BLOCK a EARTHENWARE APPARA'I'U:

struction having a vertical series of pairs of uprights at and against opposite sides of a wall mold form provided with notched edges,

the pairs of uprights being interlocked by tie bars traversing the mold form imbedding in the material of the wall and interlocking at their projecting ends with the notched edges of the uprights, and the latter at one side of the mold form having horizontal base bars projecting outwardly therefrom and spaced vertically of the series, with connected diagonal brace bars extending upwardly from the horizontals to and connected with the uprights adjacent to their upper ends.

6. In a device of the character described, a vertically extending series of pairs of uprights at opposite sides of a wall form mold provided with notched edges, said pairs being interconnected by tie bars traversing the 0 mold form and imbedding in the material of the wall and interlocking with the notched edges of said uprights, the uprights at one side of the mold form having outstanding laterals spaced Vertically of the series of uprights and braced thereto to maintain the wall mold form perpendicular and to serve as a scaffolding frame after the wall has been molded.

7. In a device of the character described, a vertically extending series of alined lateral form bracing bars spaced by and detachably joined to a vertically extending series of uprights, said laterals and uprights being arranged in alined pairs at and against oppo- 85 site outer sides of a wall form mold interconnected by form traversing tie bars interlocking with said pairs at their ends projecting from the mold form sides, and bracing means to maintain the mold form in upright position comprising a diagonal brace extending downwardly and outwardly from the upper portion of an upright and supported at its lower end by a base brace extending horizontally outward from the lower portion of the upright, said braces providing scaffold frames vertlcally of the wall face after the wall has been poured,

8. A form holder for concrete construction work having a plurality of pairs of angle bar braces arranged in right angular relation at and against the opposite outer sides of a mold form and having notched edges, the abutting angularly arranged portions of said angle bars being rigidly and detachably interconnected, and tie bars traversing the mold form and seating in and interlocking with the notched edges of each pair of angle bar braces.

9. A form holder for concrete construction work having a plurality of pairs of angle bar braces at and against the opposite outer sides of a mold form, said angle braces having both edges notched, and tie bars traversing and projectiriig beyond the opposite outer sides of the mol form and formed to seat in said notched bar edges to interlock with their bars.

10. A form holder for concrete construction work having lateral angle bar braces arranged in longitudinally alined series at and against opposite outer sides of a mold form, with angle bar uprights spacing and in substantially right angular relation to adjacent lateral bars, tie bars traversing the mold form and extending therebeyond to interlock with, and tie together, the laterals and uprights, and connector plates detachably and rigidly interconnecting the uprights with the abuttlng ends of the laterals.

11. In a form holder for concrete construction work, a form holding element comprising an angle bar having a plurality of spaced tie bar notches in the edge of one side thereof, and a plurality of connecting bolt holes in the face of the adjoining side.

12. In a form holder for concrete construction work, a form holding element comprising an angle bar having its opposed longitudinal edges each provided with a plurality of spaced tie bar notches therein.

Signed at Glendale in the county of Los Angeles and State of Califohnia this 5th day of November, A. D. 1927.

JOHN H. SULLIVAN. 

